Where there is birth,
there is death, and death means return. Therefore, Sani people's funeral is solemn
and tragic like going back.
If a Sani person is
sick and hospitalized, relatives and friends should pay a visit; if on the edge
of death, relatives living in the distant places should also pay a special trip
to visit as well.
Once life ends,
families should cry sadly to tell others. |Hearing that, neighbors will come
right away to help wash the body, put on the shroud, and lay the body in the
hall. The body will be covered with hemp cloth.
The death of an elder
is regarded as "comedy", namely "comedy funeral", so the
funeral must be lively and a little festive. First, a “funeral service
team" should be form with one person elected to be responsible for
coordinating or directing the funeral generally and the other members
responsible for their part of work each.
Some reporting teams
will be formed to inform the relatives about the date and scale of the funeral.
Reporters should hold "dog
stick” when going to receiver’s home, ask for water first before going in, gargle three times
and spray the water to the direction of the deceased, and then start to talk.
On the day before
funeral, the corpse should be placed in coffin, which should be moved outside
to a temporarily shed made of wooden branches for other people’s
condolence. For relatives with direct relation such as the uncle, aunt, married
daughter, and daughter-in-law should must form a team of considerable scale,
invite a Lion Dance team and a band to perform at the funeral. The uncle’s family
should also invite two Bimo to chant “Scriptures for Direction" to guide
the soul to the ancestral birthplace for get-together with ancestors.
At the funeral
ceremony, the uncle's family is especially respected, and
the uncle has supreme power throughout the funeral. The
uncle's family is the first that enters the mourning ceremony site for the funeral, other
families do not have such qualification to take the lead, and they have to
follow the uncle's family only. A solemn “coffin nailing” ceremony will be held
before the funeral, a "nail" ceremony will be held, and the uncle's
family member(s) should nail the coffin with hammer. The other people all stand
silently on the side.
When carrying a coffin
to the cemetery, the process is very lively. All the Lion Dance team, musical
band, firecracker team, and Bimo chanting team will start together. People
carry the coffin and walk through the village very slowly so that the deceased
can take a final and good look at the village,
meaning that he or she felt
reluctant to leave the world. All the women participating in the funeral,
whether they are direct relatives or not, should cry. Finally, the coffin
will be carried to the mountain to be buried. In ancient times, the ancestors
of Yi people practiced cremation. After “bureaucratization of native officers”,
the funeral customs of the Sani people also changed into inhumation.